Given the importance of auto manufacturing to many economies, the shake-up/ that is starting to convulse the industry /has enormous implications for jobs, urban development and even geopolitics.
鉴于汽车制造业对许多经济体的重要性，汽车业正在开始发生的剧变对就业、城市发展甚至地缘政治都有着巨大的影响。
注意积累convulse：剧烈抖动
《本期内容》
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欧洲国家从上世纪50年代起普遍建立了被称为“从摇篮到坟墓”的社会福利制度，英国建立了资本主义国家第一个全民免费医疗制度，运行至今。美国若想效仿，首先应当提高税收。
双语阅读
As governments spend more, it becomes increasingly important that they design their taxes carefully. Large European welfarestatessuch as Sweden or Germany rely on growth-friendly value-added taxes (VATs) to help raise the vast quantities of cash theydole out. America can get away with a tax system that is grossly inefficient and needlessly complex only because the amount of revenue it raises overall is relatively small.
随着政府支出的增加，政府仔细设计税收就变得越来越重要。欧洲福利大国，如瑞典和德国这样的国家，依靠增长友好型增值税来筹集向国民发放的大量现金。美国通过一个极其低效和毫无必要那么复杂的税收系统就可以满足需要，只是因为它征收的税收收入相对较少。
Small, butgrowing. Democrats in the House of Representatives are working out how to payfor President Joe Biden’s proposed social-spending bill, under which Americawould take a step in the direction of Europe with cash handouts for parents,child-care subsidies, green investment and more money for health care. The billwill probably be watered down in theSenate, but its present size is $3.5trn (1.2% of projected GDP) over the nextdecade. To help pay for it, lawmakers are proposing the biggest rise in taxessince 1993.
税收收入少，但在增长。众议院的民主党人正在研究如何为乔·拜登总统提出的社会支出法案买单。根据该法案，美国将沿着欧洲的道路迈出一步，包括向父母发放现金补助，为抚养儿童提供补贴，进行绿色投资，并在医疗保健方面投入更多资金。参议院可能会对该法案进行缓和修改，但它目前的规模是在未来十年花费3.5万亿美元（预计为美国GDP的1.2%）。为了给这项法案买单，立法者提议征收自1993年以来最高的增值税。
The plandoes little to move towards the efficient taxation that would be necessary wereAmerica ever to have the European-style welfare state to which many Democratsaspire. That is because the proposals have been crafted with the goal ofraising taxes only on households with incomes in excess of $400,000. The leftthinks the rich do not pay theirfairshare.
如果美国想要成为许多民主党人所向往的欧洲式福利国家，采取有效的税收是必不可少，而这项计划在这方面几乎毫无作用。这是因为这些提案的目标是只对收入超过40万美元的家庭增税。左派认为富人没有缴够他们应当缴纳的税款。
They would like to raise the top rate of federal income tax from 37% to 39.6%, and introduce a new 3% levy on earnings 
over $5m. They also want to raise the rate of federal tax on corporate profits in excess of $5m, from 21% to 26.5% (glossingover the fact thatwageswill fall at least a bit as a result). The plan would raise the rate of capital-gains tax and introduce various new levies.
他们希望将联邦所得税的最高税率从37%提高到39.6%，并对收入在500万美元以上企业加征3%的税。翻译划线句，长按文末小程序码打卡，答案下期公布~该计划将提高资本利得税率，并新增各类新税种。
The federalgovernment has some scope to raise more money from high earners. But the ideathat the main problem with the existing system that tax rates are tooflatiswrong. In 2018 the lowest fifth of earners on average paid no net federal taxesat all. The top 1% paid a total rate (ie, after all deductions) of 30%,according to the Congressional Budget Office.
联邦政府在向高收入者征收更多税收方面有一定的空间。但是，认为现有制度的主要问题是税率过于单一的想法是错误的。2018年，收入最低的五分之一人口平均来说，没有缴纳一分的净联邦税。根据美国国会预算办公室的数据，收入最高的1%的人缴纳的总税率（即，扣除所有应扣项后）为30%。
本文节选自：The Economist（经济学人）
发布时间：2021.09.30
词汇积累
1.state
英 /ste?t/ 美 /ste?t/
n.国家；州；情形
vt.规定；声明；陈述
adj.国家的；州的；正式的
2.fair
英 /f??/ 美 /f??/
adj. 公平的; 合理的，公正的; 相当好的; (数量、大小)相当大的
adv. 公平地，公正地; 非常; 正面地，直接地; 清楚地
n. 集市，展览会; 露天游乐场; 义卖会; 牲畜市场
v. 变得晴朗; 使(车辆，船舶，飞机)具有流线型
3.gloss
英 /ɡl?s/ 美 /ɡl?s/
n.光彩；用以产生光泽的物质；光泽涂料；假象；注释
v.注释；曲解；掩盖；使光彩
4.wage
英 /we?d?/ 美 /we?d?/
n. 工资，工钱; (经济)工资总额
v. 进行，发动(战争，运动)
5.flat
英 /fl?t/ 美 /fl?t/
adj.平的；单调的；不景气的；干脆的；平坦的；扁平的
adv.（尤指贴着另一表面）平直地；断然地；水平地；直接地，完全地
n.平地；公寓；平面
vt.使变平；[音乐]使（音调）下降，尤指降半音
词组搭配
1.dole out 少量发放
写作句总结
The plan does little to move towards the efficient taxation that would be necessary were America ever to have the European-style welfare state to which many Democrats aspire.
结构: The plan does little to ….
这项计划在…方面收效甚微
例句: The plan does little to the collapsing bubble economy.
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